Saqqara and Dahsur
Step back in time and discover the hidden gems of Egypt's ancient past in the serene and awe-inspiring sites of Saqqara and Dahshur. While the Pyramids of Giza often steal the spotlight, these two sites are equally rich in history, offering a quieter, yet equally majestic experience. With their lesser-known pyramids and fascinating burial sites, Saqqara and Dahshur transport visitors into the heart of Egypt's architectural and cultural evolution. The ancient Egyptian love of grandeur is on full display here, where you can experience the wonders of these ancient monuments with fewer crowds and a deeper sense of discovery.
This itinerary will take you on a journey through time, weaving together the mysteries and legends of these iconic locations.
Day 1: The Birth of Pyramids
Tentative Itinerary
8:00 – 9:30: Arrival at Saqqara
9:30 – 11:00: The Step Pyramid of Djoser
11:00 – 12:00: The Pyramid of Unas and the Pyramid Texts
12:00 – 13:30: Lunch at Koshary El Tahrir
14:00 – 15:30: Dahshur – The Bent Pyramid
15:30 – 17:00: The Red Pyramid
17:30 – 18:00: Return to Cairo
Morning: Saqqara - The Birthplace of the Pyramid
Begin your journey early with a visit to Saqqara, a vast necropolis located about 30 kilometers south of Cairo. Saqqara was the burial ground for Memphis, the ancient capital of Egypt, and is home to some of Egypt's oldest and most iconic monuments, including the famous Step Pyramid of Djoser. The Step Pyramid is considered the world's first stone pyramid, built around 2670 BCE during the Third Dynasty by the pharaoh Djoser. Designed by the architect Imhotep, this step-like structure marks the earliest shift from the traditional mastaba tombs to pyramid construction, laying the groundwork for later, more famous pyramids such as those in Giza.
Recommended time: 1.5 hours
Cost: 100 EGP (5.50 euros)
Opening Hours: Daily, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Website: www.antiquities.gov.eg
As you wander around the Step Pyramid, admire the grandeur of the complex, which includes temples, courtyards, and shrines. You will also encounter the impressive 13-meter-high walls of the pyramid's enclosure, adorned with intricate carvings depicting the king’s life and afterlife.
Late Morning: The Pyramid of Unas and the Pyramid Texts
Next, head to the Pyramid of Unas, a less-visited but equally fascinating structure. Unas, the last pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty, built this pyramid around 2350 BCE. The pyramid is particularly famous for its pyramid texts—the oldest known religious texts in the world. These texts, carved into the inner chambers of the pyramid, are a series of spells and prayers intended to guide the pharaoh's soul into the afterlife. The tomb itself remains relatively intact, and you can enter the pyramid (with a small additional fee) to view the ancient inscriptions.
Recommended time: 1 hour
Cost: 50 EGP (2.75 euros) for entrance to the Pyramid of Unas
Opening Hours: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Lunch: Koshary El Tahrir
After your exploration of Saqqara, head back towards Cairo for a satisfying local lunch. Koshary El Tahrir is one of the best spots in Cairo for traditional koshari, a filling Egyptian dish made with rice, pasta, lentils, chickpeas, and a tangy tomato sauce topped with crispy fried onions. It's a popular dish among locals, providing the energy needed for an afternoon of exploration.
Address: 26 El Tahrir Street, Cairo
Opening Hours: Daily, 9:00 AM – 10:00 PM
Cost: 40-60 EGP per person (2.25-3.30 euros)
Early Afternoon: Dahshur - The Bent Pyramid
After lunch, head south to Dahshur, a significant archaeological site known for its two unique pyramids. The first stop is the Bent Pyramid, constructed around 2600 BCE during the reign of Pharaoh Sneferu. Unlike the classic straight-sided pyramids, the Bent Pyramid has a distinctive change in slope partway up, hence the name "bent." This curious design was likely an attempt to correct engineering errors in the pyramid’s construction. The Bent Pyramid marks a crucial point in the evolution of pyramid design and is an essential stop for anyone interested in ancient Egyptian architecture.
Recommended time: 1.5 hours
Cost: 60 EGP (3.30 euros)
Opening Hours: Daily, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Late Afternoon: The Red Pyramid
From the Bent Pyramid, it's just a short drive to the nearby Red Pyramid, which was also built by Sneferu, the father of Khufu (builder of the Great Pyramid). The Red Pyramid, named for the reddish hue of its stones, is the first true, smooth-sided pyramid. Its design is a direct predecessor to the Great Pyramid of Giza, and it remains one of the best-preserved pyramids in Egypt. Visitors can enter the pyramid and explore the narrow, winding passages that lead to the burial chamber of Sneferu, offering a truly immersive experience into the ancient world.
Recommended time: 1.5 hours
Cost: 60 EGP (3.30 euros)
Opening Hours: Daily, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Evening: Return to Cairo
After a day filled with awe-inspiring monuments and fascinating history, return to Cairo to rest or enjoy an evening in the city. If you have time, you can explore the vibrant streets of Cairo or relax with a cup of traditional Egyptian tea at a local café.
Practical Tips for Visiting Saqqara and Dahshur
Transport Options
The most convenient way to get to Saqqara and Dahshur is by taxi or private car, which can be arranged through your hotel or a local travel agency. Expect to pay around 250-300 EGP (14-16 euros) for a taxi from central Cairo to Saqqara and Dahshur. Alternatively, you can hire a private guide with transportation for a more tailored experience, which typically costs around 800-1000 EGP (44-55 euros) for the day.
Combined Passes
Currently, there is no combined ticket for Saqqara and Dahshur, but many tour operators offer combined day trips that include both sites and the transport. It's advisable to check with local agencies or hotels about these packages, which can often offer better value than buying separate tickets at each site.
For visiting multiple attractions in Cairo and Giza, the Cairo Pass is a useful option, as it provides access to various monuments and museums at a discounted price, though it does not cover Saqqara or Dahshur.
Ticket Information
Tickets for the Saqqara and Dahshur pyramids can be purchased at the entrance of each site. If you are interested in visiting the interiors of the pyramids, there may be an additional charge. Always bring cash in Egyptian pounds, as credit cards are not accepted at most of the sites.
Costs Summary
Saqqara (Step Pyramid): 100 EGP (5.50 euros)
Pyramid of Unas: 50 EGP (2.75 euros)
Dahshur (Bent Pyramid): 60 EGP (3.30 euros)
Dahshur (Red Pyramid): 60 EGP (3.30 euros)
Conclusion: A Journey Through Egypt’s Ancient Architecture
Visiting Saqqara and Dahshur offers a deep dive into the origins of Egyptian pyramid construction. These sites allow you to trace the architectural evolution from the earliest attempts to the perfection of the Great Pyramid. Amidst the golden sands and peaceful surroundings, these ancient wonders tell the stories of pharaohs, architects, and their quest for immortality. For those seeking romance and history wrapped in one, this journey will undoubtedly be a highlight of your Egyptian adventure.